Lately i see a lot of brands coming out with something called micellar water. What are they, what do they do to skin? How are they different from regular water or a toner we all are used to see around? What do they put in there that makes it micellar?
it's not toner at all, it's water+oil solution to remove makeup. the best one out there is Bioderma H20 Crealine and a lot of women like this kind of product to remove their eye makeup, I still however prefer hydrophilic oils
Virtually any kind of oil, water and surfactant mixture will form some kind of micelles. That's just the technical term used to describe a drop of oil surrounded by surfactant and suspended in water. These companies are just using a cool sounding technical term to try to differentiate their products. You could pick up ANY shampoo, body wash, facial wash, etc that you have at home and you could say that they ALL have "Micellar Water."
A quick look at some of the products claiming to be micellar waters, they're just essentially the following formula
Water a Glycol (eg Hexylene Glycol, Pentylene Glycol) - acting both as a humectant and hydotrope (improves solubulity of the the makeup in the surfactant) Solubiliser (eg Polysorbate 20) - the surfactant that does the cleansing Preservative Fairy Dust
To make a micelle you don't need oil, only a surfactant.
Poloxamer 184 is very mild as surfactants go, not irritating to skin or eyes and not toxic.
Fairy dust is the stuff that gets put in to try to sell you the stuff (vitamins, anti-oxidants, plant extracts etc). Sometimes it works, other times it only works if you really really believe ;)
Alchemist is right you don't need oil to form micelles. However oil is usually the reason that you need micelles. That's because you're either trying to get rid of oil (as in a cleanser) or you're trying to deliver oil (as in a conditioner or lotion).
My guess, based on looking at ingredient s cited above, is that these products are very low foaming. Maybe that's their "hook." they're not regular cleansers that are all harsh and will get foam all over your face, they're just water filled with magical micelles that don't foam yet still clean.